Sometimes the outer coat from the fertile egg is lost. Such decorticated eggs have only a thick colourless smooth shell No mamillated coat

Not infective to human Detected in faecal specimens of infected human Diagnostic Features Size: 90 µm x 40 µm. Range, 85-95 µm x 35-45 µm – larger than fertilised egg Shape: Elongated Colour: Brown Mammillated covering absent or less prominent Shell is often very thin Filled with an irregular mass of protoplasm

Infective stage to human Detected in faecal specimens of infected human Eggs not infective when passed; need to develop in soil for a few weeks Diagnostic Features Size: 60 µm x 45 µm (range, 45-70 µm x 35-45 µm) Shape: Round or ovoid Colour: Brown due to bile staining Mammillated albuminous coat on outer shell […]

Infective stage to human Detected mostly in perianal scraping of infected human Eggs partially embryonated when passed and become infective within a few hours; no development in soil Diagnostic Features Size: 55 µm x 26 µm (range: 50-60 µm 20-32 µm) Shape: Flattened on one side and other side convex Smooth, thin almost colourless transparent […]

Infective stage to human Found in faecal specimens of infected human Eggs not infective when passed; require development in soil for a few weeks Diagnostic Features Size: 54 µm x 22 µm (range: 49-65 µm x 20-29 µm) Shape: Lemon or barrel shaped Thick-shelled and yellow brown in colour Colourless opercular plugs at each end […]

Detected in faecal specimens of infected human Egg not infective to human Egg develops in soli and hatches into a rhabditiform larva and then to a filariform larva Diagnostic Features Size: 60 µm x 40 µm (range, 57-76 µm x 35-47 µm) Shape: Oval or ellipsoidal Shell is thin and colourless Contain 4 -8 cells

Habitat in human: In female: lower genital tract; In males: urethra and prostate gland Detected in fresh vaginal secretions of infected female; urine sediment sample of infected male Diagnostic Features Size: 7-30mm in length Pear shaped Characteristic jerky movement when live Undulating membrane, bordered by a flagellum, extends half way along body 05 flagella: 4 […]

Cyst is the infective stage to human Detected in faeces of infected human Diagnostic Features Size: 11-12 mm (range: 8-19mm) in length Shape: Oval and small Up to 04 nuclei – at least 02 visible; usually located at one end Thread-like remains of flagella, remains of axonemes and parabasal bodies usually visible Cytoplasm often retracts […]

Habitat in human: Small intestine – duodenum and upper jejunum Detected in faeces of infected human Diagnostic Features Size: 12 – 15 µm (range 10 – 20 µm) in length Shape: Pear shaped and Bilaterally symmetrical Dorsal surface is convex and ventrally concave Sucking disc on ventral surface 02 nuclei 04 pairs of flagella Axostyle […]